korean tobacco company BAT launches synthetic nicotine vape in S. Korea Korea Tobacco & Ginseng Corporation

Design and fabrication of a low-cost pilot-scale melt-processing system

Tar total particulate matter (nicotine and water) Filter with titanium oxide accelerant Flavours Liquid vapour Benzene Formaldehyde Acrolein N-nitrosamines Non-particulate matter There are approximately 50 known carcinogens in cigarettes (Canadian Cancer Society, 2007b) Prevention: Youth & Adolescents Most smokers began smoking before age 18 Many people start smoking at an age when they are easily influenced by peers and advertising Young adults (between the ages 20 24 years) Highest smoking rate (27%) Relatively brief smoking history Often identify themselves as social smokers Social smokers are at risk of becoming regular smokers (Gilpin, White & Pierce, 2005) On-campus Student Smoking Cessation Programs Most campuses have smoking cessation programs Student health services in campus clinics Peer-to-peer programs and activities Advocate for improved campus smoking policies Example: Leave the Pack Behind (LTPB) in Ontario Protection: Second-hand smoke Second-hand smoke: Also known as environmental tobacco smoke Combination of: Side stream smoke (smoke from the end of a cigarette) Smoke exhaled by the smoker 67% of smoke from a burning cigarette is not inhaled by the smoker and ends up in the surrounding environment (Health Canada, 2007) Second-hand smoke (cont.) 4000 chemicals have been identified in second-hand smoke 50 of these are known carcinogens (United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2000) Examples: Second-hand smoke (cont.) Labeled as a known human carcinogen Labeled as a class A cancer-causing substance (Class A = most dangerous) Causes at least 1000 deaths annually in Canada Cessation: Smokers and Quitting Smoking Why do people continue to smoke

Vaccines 2 , 515536 (2014)

DISCUSSION In our study, we first found high nicotine dependence and a high degree of smoking according to the quantitative narrative analysis of current smokers who intend to quit smoking (the most frequent words were smoking, tobacco, and cigarette) and the qualitative analysis also (the code dependence is the most repeated)